@Alon @DiegoBeghin @MisuseCase @kentwillard Some states have converged more, some states less. Overall I'd agree the EU is doing better on convergence than, say, the globe. (Less well than the United States, but that's not a fair comparison.) Nevertheless, assuming urban-centered growth policy will yield convergence to a broadly shared prosperity has been tried and failed, both across and within polities. That's not to say that urban-centered growth is bad, but more than that is needed.